A Comprehensive Survey on Urdu Hate Speech Detection: Methods, Evaluation, and Challenges (IEEE)

Growing online communities, easy access to social media, user anonymity, the speed at which information spreads, and increased awareness of hate crimes have all contributed to the rise in hate speech. Research on identifying hate speech in low-resource languages, such as Urdu, is becoming crucial to creating inclusive, safe online environments. While outlining future research directions and addressing enduring issues including data scarcity, code-switching, and contextual complexities, the current work presents a new taxonomy and analyzes methods for detecting hate speech in Urdu. In addition to offering deeper insights into speech patterns and supporting better system development, the taxonomy and survey provide a basis for the advancement of Urdu hate speech identification. It provides an in-depth analysis of current approaches, identifies their shortcomings, and directs further study in this nascent area.

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11087481